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Remoção de hidrocarbonetos do gás natural visando o ajuste do índice de metano
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Dissertação
Formato: application/pdf
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#Gás natural#Absorção#Índice de metano#Projeto de processos#Natural gas#Absortion#Methane index#Process design#CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA
The use of the natural gas is growing year after year in the whole world and also in Brazil. It is verified that in the last five years the profile of natural gas consumption reached a great advance and investments had been carried through in this area. In the oil industry, the use of the natural gas for fuel in the drive of engines is usual for a long date. It is also used to put into motion equipment, or still, to generate electric power. Such engines are based on the motor cycle of combustion Otto, who requires a natural gas with well definite specification, conferring characteristic anti-detonating necessary to the equipment performance for projects based on this cycle. In this work, process routes and thermodynamic conditions had been selected and evaluated. Based on simulation assays carried out in commercial simulators the content of the methane index of the effluent gas were evaluated at various ranges of pressure, temperature, flowrate, molecular weight and chemical nature and composition of the absorbent. As final result, it was established a route based on process efficiency, optimized consumption of energy and absorbent. Thereby, it serves as base for the compact equipment conception to be used in locu into the industry for the removal of hydrocarbon from the natural gas produced; Petróleo Brasileiro SA - PETROBRAS; A utilização do gás natural vem crescendo ano após ano em todo o mundo e também no Brasil. Verifica-se que nos últimos cinco anos o perfil de consumo de gás natural veicular ganhou um grande alcance e vários investimentos foram realizados nesta área. Na indústria do petróleo a utilização do gás natural para combustível no acionamento de motores já vem de longa data...
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Degradação fotoquímica de hidrocarbonetos da gasolina em efluentes aquosos; Photochemical degradation of the gasoline of hydrocarbons in wastewaters
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Dissertação
Formato: application/pdf
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#Foto-Fenton#Degradação fotoquímica#Tratamento de efluentes, Hidrocarbonetos#Gasolina#Redes neurais artificiais#Photo-Fenton#Photochemical degradation#Wastewater treatment#Hydrocarbons#Gasoline#Neural networks
Photo-oxidation processes of toxic organic compounds have been widely studied. This work seeks the application of the photo-Fenton process for the degradation of hydrocarbons in water. The gasoline found in the refinery, without additives and alcohol, was used as the model pollutant. The effects of the concentration of the following substances have been properly evaluated: hydrogen peroxide (100-200 mM), iron ions (0.5-1 mM) and sodium chloride (200 2000 ppm). The experiments were accomplished in reactor with UV lamp and in a falling film solar reactor. The photo-oxidation process was monitored by measurements of the absorption spectra, total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Experimental results demonstrated that the photo-Fenton process is feasible for the treatment of wastewaters containing aliphatic hydrocarbons, inclusive in the presence of salts. These conditions are similar to the water produced by the petroleum fields, generated in the extraction and production of petroleum. A neural network model of process correlated well the observed data for the photooxidation process of hydrocarbons; ; Processos de fotooxidação de compostos orgânicos tóxicos têm sido bastante estudados. Este trabalho trata da aplicação do processo foto-Fenton para a degradação de hidrocarbonetos em água. A gasolina de refinaria...
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Propriedades cerâmicas e imobilização do manganês em cerâmica estrutural; Ceramics properties and immobilization Manganese in Structural Ceramic
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Dissertação
Formato: application/pdf
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In this work is the addition of a metallic ion, of the metal Manganese, in a clay of Rio Grande do Norte state for structural ceramics use, the objective this study was to assess the evolution of ceramic properties. The clay was characterized by Chemical and Thermal analysis and Xray
difraction. The metallic ion was added in the clay as aqueous solutions at concentrations of 100, 150 and 200 mg / L. The molded by extrusion and the burned were temperatures at
850, 950, 1050 and 1150 º C. Was made Chemical Analysis and investigated the following parameters environmental and ceramic: Solubility, Colour, Linear Retraction (%), Water
Absorption (%), Gresification Curves, Apparent Porosity (%), Apparent Specific Mass (g/cm3) and Flexion Rupture Module (kgf/cm2). The results showed that increasing the
concentration of metallic ion, properties such as Apparent Porosity (%), Water Absorption (%) decreases and the Flexion Rupture Module (kgf/cm2) increases with increasing
temperature independent of the concentration of the ion. The gresification curves showed that the optimum firing temperatures were in the range between 950 and 1050 ° C. The evaluation of the properties showed that the ceramic material can be studied its use in solid brick and ceramic materials with structural function of filling. The results of solubility showed that the addition of ion offers no risk to the environment; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Neste trabalho estudou-se a adição de um íon metálico...
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Planejamento experimental aplicada a um novo separador líquido-líquido utilizado no tratamento de águas residuais contaminadas com petróleo
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Dissertação
Formato: application/pdf
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#Processo de separação#Nova tecnologia#Extração líquido-líquido#Inversão de fases#Tratamento de águas produzidas#Planejamento experimental#Separation process#New technology#Liquid-liquid extraction#Phase inversion#Treat waste water
The present work had as objective to apply an experimental planning aiming at to improve the efficiency of separation of a new type of mixer-settler applied to treat waste water contaminated with oil. An unity in scale of laboratory, was installed in the Post-graduation Program of Chemical Engineering of UFRN. It was constructed in partnership with Petrobras S.A. This called device Misturador-Decantador a Inversão de Fases (MDIF) , possess features of conventional mixer-settler and spray column type. The equipment is composed of three main parts: mixing chamber; chamber of decantation and chamber of separation. The efficiency of separation is evaluated analyzing the oil concentrations in water in the feed and the output of the device. For the analysis one used the gravimetric method of oil and greases analysis (TOG). The system in study is a water of formation emulsified with oil. The used extractant is a mixture of Turpentine spirit hydro-carbons, supplied for Petrobras. It was applied, for otimization of the efficiency of separation of the equipment, an experimental planning of the composite central type, having as factorial portion fractionary factorial planning 2 5-2, with the magnifying of the type star and five replications in the central point. In this work...
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Caracterização físico-química, reológica e sensorial de iogurte obtido pela mistura dos leites bubalino e caprino
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Dissertação
Formato: application/pdf
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#Misturas de leite#Iogurte#Composição físico-química#Reologia#Análise sensorial#Milk mixtures#Yoghurt#Physical-chemical composition#Rheology#Sensory analyses#CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA
Milk from different animals can be used for dairy production. Yoghurt is a popular fermented milk product and considered to be one of the greatest importance in terms of consumer acceptance and consumption. The present research deals with the production of strawberry set-type yoghurt by mixing goat and buffalo s milk and it has the objective of taking advantage of the intrinsic characteristics of each milk to produce a final product with desirable attributes. It was conducted by analyzing five experimental groups with different proportions of goat and buffalo s milk: C 100% goat s milk; 7C3B - 70% goat s milk and 30% buffalo s milk, 5C5B - 50% goat s milk and 50% buffalo s milk, 3C7B 30% goat s milk and 70% buffalo s milk; B - 100% buffalo s milk. Each group was evaluated for total
solids content and the acidification profile was monitored every 30 minutes by pH analysis. The yoghurt samples were analyzed for physical-chemical (pH, acidity, protein, fat, total and reducing sugars, ash and total solids), rheological (syneresis and viscosity) and sensory characteristics (appearance, odor, consistency and flavour). Samples with higher percentual of
bubaline milk reached Vm faster, but the time necessary for pH 4.6 (Te) were similar between groups. Statistical differences (p<0.05) were observed for fat and total solids content of
yoghurt...
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Desidratação de polpas de frutas pelo método foam-mat
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Dissertação
Formato: application/pdf
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This study aimed to investigate the foam mat drying process of pineapple and mango pulp,
as well as to evaluate the final product quality. Initially, the selection of fruit and additives
was conducted based on density and stability determinations of mango, seriguela, umbu
and pineapple foams. After selecting pineapple and mango for further studies, the fruit
pulps and fruit foams were characterized in regard to their physicochemical composition.
The temperature (60oC or 70oC) and the foam thickness (4 and 11 mm) were evaluated in
accordance to the obtained drying curves and after model adjustment. Mango and
pineapple powders obtained at the best process conditions were characterized in regard to
their physicochemical composition, solubility, reconstitution time. Yoghurts were prepared
with the addition of pineapple and mango powders and they were evaluated for their
sensory acceptance. Results show that the best drying rates were achieved by using 70o C
and layers 4mm thick for both fruits. The Page model successfully fitted the drying
experimental data and it can be used as a predictive model. Pineapple and mango powders
showed acid pH, high soluble solids content, low water activity (approx. 0.25), lipids
between 1.46% and 2.03%...
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Avaliação físico-química e funcional da algaroba prosopis juliflora proveniente da mesorregião agreste do Rio Grande do Norte; Physical-chemical and functional evaluation of algaroba (Prosopis juliflora) from Rio Grande do Norte s semi arid
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Dissertação
Formato: application/pdf
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#Algaroba#Fenólicos#Antioxidante#α#-amilase#α#-glicosidase#Algaroba#Phenolics compounds#Antioxidant#α
Algaroba (Prosopis juliflora) is a typical legume from arid and semi arid regions, which is
composed by sugar-rich pods and high protein seeds. Phenolic compounds are secondary
metabolites recognized as potent bioactive compounds, found in several vegetables.Therefore,
the objective of this work is to characterize the algaroba flour in terms of its physicalchemical
composition, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity by DPPH and ABTS
methods, a-amylase and a-glycosidase inhibition, as well as to analyze its organic compounds
by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Three experimental groups were
investigated (seeds, seeds and pod together and only pod), which were prepared by oven
drying and posterior grinding. Water and ethanol extracts (70, 80, 100% v/v) were prepared
and used for functional studies. Organic compounds were detected by using HPLC equipment
coupled to mass spectrometer. Results show important physical-chemical differences among
the experimental groups, seeds, seeds and pod together and only pod. The algarroba seed
flour is high in protein (49.49%) and fat (3.10%), while the pod flour is especially rich in
sugar (60.3% to 67.9%). Algaroba phenolics are concentrated in pod flour, mainly in water
extracts (1.30 mg GAEQ/100g sample). All seed extracts showed high DPPH activity and
maximum antioxidant activity was registered for ethanol 80% extracts (19.81 μM Trolox/g
sample). The ABTS activity ranged from 9.73 to 12.74 μM Trolox/g sample. Nearly all the
extracts were able to inhibit α-amylase activity mildly (30.50% to 48.80%)...
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Desenvolvimento de uma unidade laboratorial para quantificação de BTX como poluentes atmosféricos, usando microextração em fase sólida
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Dissertação
Formato: application/pdf
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#Poluentes atmosféricos#BTX#Fibra Carboxen/PDMS#Gás padrão#CGMS#Adsorção competitiva.#Solid-phase microextraction#Production of BTX standard gas#GCMS#Competition for adsorption on the fiber carboxen#Kinetic modeling.
This dissertation aims the development of an experimental device to determine quantitatively
the content of benzene, toluene and xylenes (BTX) in the atmosphere. BTX are extremely
volatile solvents, and therefore play an important role in atmospheric chemistry, being
precursors in the tropospheric ozone formation. In this work a BTX new standard gas was
produced in nitrogen for stagnant systems. The aim of this dissertation is to develop a new
method, simple and cheaper, to quantify and monitor BTX in air using solid phase microextraction/
gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME/CG/MS). The features of the
calibration method proposed are presented in this dissertation. SPME sampling was carried
out under non-equilibrium conditions using a Carboxen/PDMS fiber exposed for 10 min
standard gas mixtures. It is observed that the main parameters that affect the extraction
process are sampling time and concentration. The results of the BTX multicomponent system
studied have shown a linear and a nonlinear range. In the non-linear range, it is remarkable
the effect of competition by selective adsorption with the following affinity order p-xylene >
toluene > benzene. This behavior represents a limitation of the method, however being in
accordance with the literature. Furthermore...
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Diagnóstico regional do processo de queijo coalho comercializado em Natal/RN
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Dissertação
Formato: application/pdf
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#Queijo coalho#Processamento artesanal e industrial#Qualidade.#CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA
Coalho cheese is a typical product of the Northeastern Brazil, which is consumed both raw
and cooked. The present work aimed to study the characteristics of artisanal and industrial
processes in the production of coalho cheese sold in Natal / RN in order to evaluate its
quality and consumer s profile. Four artisanal cheeses plants were monitored and a
questionnaire was sent to different cheese industries. Besides this, eight cheese samples (four
artisanal and four industrial) were evaluated in regard to the microbiological quality,
physical-chemical and sensory attributes. The sensory acceptance was evaluated by using
108 non-trained panelists by using the hedonic scale. The consumer s profile survey was
applied to 400 consumers of coalho cheese. The lack of hygiene control was detected at the
artisanal cheese production, which uses raw milk as its raw material. Research has shown
that the industrialized cheeses are made from pasteurized milk provided by their own
production or by a third party, as observed in cheese making dairies. In general, the results
indicate variation in the manufacturing process of coalho cheese, which results in the lack of
product standardization. Regarding the physical-chemical analysis, most artisanal and
industrial samples presented moisture content between 36 and 40 %...
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Otimização do tempo e temperatura no processamento da gipsita oriunda dos cristalizadores da produção de sal para obter gesso de uso na construção civil; Optimization of time and temperature in the processing of the gypsum from of the crystallizers of the salt production for use plaster in civil construction
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Dissertação
Formato: application/pdf
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#indústria salineira#otimização#gipsita#gesso e construção civil#salt industry#optimization#gypsum#plaster and civil construction#CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA
During the process of the salt production, the first the salt crystals formed are
disposed of as industrial waste. This waste is formed basically by gypsum, composed of
calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4.2H2O), known as carago cru or malacacheta . After be
submitted the process of calcination to produce gypsum (CaSO4.0,5H2O), can be made
possible its application in cement industry. This work aims to optimize the time and
temperature for the process of calcination of the gypsum (carago) for get beta plaster
according to the specifications of the norms of civil construction. The experiments involved
the chemical and mineralogical characterization of the gypsum (carago) from the crystallizers,
and of the plaster that is produced in the salt industry located in Mossoró, through the
following techniques: x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray fluorescence (FRX), thermogravimetric
analysis (TG/DTG) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDS. For optimization of
time and temperature of the process of calcination was used the planning three factorial with
levels with response surfaces of compressive mechanical tests and setting time, according
norms NBR-13207: Plasters for civil construction and x-ray diffraction of plasters (carago)
beta obtained in calcination. The STATISTICA software 7.0 was used for the calculations to
relate the experimental data for a statistical model. The process for optimization of calcination
of gypsum (carago) occurred in the temperature range from 120° C to 160° C and the time in
the range of 90 to 210 minutes in the oven at atmospheric pressure...
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Estudo do equilíbrio líquido-vapor do sistema água+etanol+líquido iônico visando a separação do álcool anidro
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Dissertação
Formato: application/pdf
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#Equilíbrio líquido-vapor. Etanol anidro. Líquido iônico. COSMO-SAC. Ebuliômetro fischer. Destilação extrativa#Vapor-liquid equilibrium. Anhydrous ethanol. Ionic liquid. COSMO-SAC. Fischer ebulliometer. Extractive distillation#CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA
Anhydrous ethanol is used in chemical, pharmaceutical and fuel industries.
However, current processes for obtaining it involve high cost, high energy demand and use of
toxic and pollutant solvents. This problem occurs due to the formation of an azeotropic
mixture of ethanol + water, which does not allow the complete separation by conventional
methods such as simple distillation. As an alternative to currently used processes, this study
proposes the use of ionic liquids as solvents in extractive distillation. These are organic salts
which are liquids at low temperatures (under 373,15 K). They exhibit characteristics such as
low volatility (almost zero/ low vapor ), thermal stability and low corrosiveness, which make
them interesting for applications such as catalysts and as entrainers. In this work,
experimental data for the vapor pressure of pure ethanol and water in the pressure range of 20
to 101 kPa were obtained as well as for vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) of the system ethanol
+ water at atmospheric pressure; and equilibrium data of ethanol + water + 2-HDEAA (2-
hydroxydiethanolamine acetate) at strategic points in the diagram. The device used for these
experiments was the Fischer ebulliometer, together with density measurements to determine
phase compositions. The experimental data were consistent with literature data and presented
thermodynamic consistency...
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Produção de enzimas por fungos em fermentação semi-sólida utilizando bagaço de coco e pedúnculo de caju como substratos
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Dissertação
Formato: application/pdf
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#Penicillium chrysogenum. Planejamento experimental. CMCase. Avicelase. Xilanase. FPase#Penicillim chrysogenum. Experimental design. CMCase. Avicelase. Xylanase. FPase#CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA
The production of enzymes by microorganisms using organic residues is important and it can
be associated with several applications such as food and chemical industries and so on. The
objective of this work is the production of CMCase, Xylanase, Avicelase and FPase enzymes
by solid state fermentation (SSF) using as substrates: bagasse of coconut and dried cashew
stem. The microorganisms employed are Penicillium chrysogenum and an isolated fungus
from the coconut bark (Aspergillus fumigatus). Through the factorial design methodology and
response surface analysis it was possible to study the influence of the humidity and pH. For
Penicillium chrysogenum and the isolated fungus, the coconut bagasse was used as culture
medium. In another fermentation, it was used the mixture of coconut bagasse and cashew
stem. Fermentations were conducted using only the coconut bagasse as substrate in cultures
with Penicillium chrysogenum fungus and the isolated one. A mixture with 50% of coconut
and 50% of cashew stem was employed only for Penicillium chrysogenum fungus, the
cultivation conditions were: 120 hours at 30 °C in BOD, changing humidity and pH values. In
order to check the influence of the variables: humidity and pH...
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Suco desidratado de caju (Anacardium occidentale L.) por atomização: caracterização físico-química, bioativa e estudo da vida de prateleira do produto
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Dissertação
Formato: application/pdf
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#Caju. Secagem. Bioativos. Vida de prateleira#Cashew. Drying. Bioactive. Shelf life#CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA
Despite the relatively organized cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) productive chain and the number of cashew derivatives found in the market, it is estimated that over 90% of the cashew peduncle is wasted. A possible strategy for a better commercial exploitation of this agroindustrial commodity would be the production of spray dried cashew pulp. Thus, this paper approaches the yellow cashew pulp spray drying process and the final product evaluation. Based on that, the shelf life of the spray dried cashew pulp packed in different packaging was evaluated. Drying was conducted in two drying temperatures (140 °C to 150 °C) and two concentrations of Arabic gum (AG, 15% and 25%), which summed four experimental groups. The drying performance was evaluated as well as the physicochemical characteristics (moisture, water activity, total soluble solids, pH, density, solubility, particle diameter, hygroscopicity, degree of caking, color, scanning electronic microscopy and X-ray diffraction), composition (protein, ash, fat and sugars) and bioactive and functional value (total phenolic compounds, carotenoids, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity) of the final products. Results showed spray drying efficiency higher than 65% for all experiments...
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Caracterização de Efluente Têxtil e Proposta de Tratamento
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Dissertação
Formato: application/pdf
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#Efluente Têxtil#Carga poluidora#Práticas limpas#Vazão#Estatística#Tratamento#CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA
Textile industry deals with a high diversity of processes and generation of wastewaters with a high content of pollutant material. Before being disposed of in water bodies, a pre-treatment of the effluent is carried out, which is sometimes ineffective. In order to be properly treated, physical and chemical properties of the effluent must be known, as well as the pollutant agents that might be present in it. This has turned out to be a great problem in the textile industry, for there is a variety of processes and the pollutant load is very
diversified. The characterization of the effluent allows the identification of most critical points and, as a consequence, the most appropriate treatment procedure to be employed, may be chosen. This study presents the results obtained after characterizing the effluent of a textile industry that comprises knitting, dyeing and apparel sections, processing mainly polyester/cotton articles. In this work, twenty samples of the effluent were collected, and related to the changes in
production. From the results, a statistical evaluation was applied, determined in function of the rate of flow. The following properties and pollutants agents were quantitatively analysed: temperature; pH; sulfides; chlorine; alcalinity; chlorides; cianides; phenols; color; COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand); TOC (Total Organic Carbon); oil and grease; total...
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Estudo da produção de pectinase por fermentação em estado sólido utilizando pedúnculo de caju como substrato; Pectinases production by solid-state fermentation using cashew apple as substrate
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Tese de Doutorado
Formato: application/pdf
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Relevância na Pesquisa
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#Processo biotecnológico#Fermentação estado sólido#Pedúnculo de caju#Pectinases#Poligalacturonase#Aspergillus niger#Process#Solid-state fermentation#Cashew apple#Pectinases#Polygalacturonase
Pectinolytic enzymes, or simply pectinases, are complex enzymes that degrade pectic polymers. They have many uses, such as fruit juice extraction and purification, textile fiber treatment and vegetal oil extraction. The aim of this work was to study the kinetics of pectinases production by solid-state fermentation, using dry cashew apple residue as
substrate and the microorganism Aspergillus niger CCT 0916. The influence of the initial medium moisture and medium supplementation with a source of nitrogen and phosphorus
was evaluated using the factorial experimental planning and response surface methodology. Ammonia sulphate and potassium phosphate were used as nitrogen and
phosphorus source, respectively. The variables time of contact (T) and ratio volume solvent/fermented medium (RZ), in systems with and without agitation, were evaluated in
order to study the best extraction condition of the produced enzyme. Washed and unwashed cashew apple residues were tested as the growth medium. The unwashed residue
was obtained by drying the residue after the extraction of the juice, while the washed residue was obtained by water washing 5 times using the proportion of 1 kg pulp/2 liters of
water. Samples were taken every 12 hours for moisture content...
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Estratégia de gestão ambiental baseada nos princípios da produção mais limpa : um estudo de caso focado no segmento da carcinicultura; Environmental management strategy based on principles of cleaner production: a case study in shrimps culture farm
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Tese de Doutorado
Formato: application/pdf
POR
Relevância na Pesquisa
941.7351%
#Produção mais limpa#Carcinicultura#Impactos ambientais#Metabissulfito de sódio#Remediação físico-química#Cleaner production#Culture of shrimps#Environmental impacts#Sodium metabissulfite#Physical-chemistry remediation#CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA
The objective of this scientific article is to introduce the opportunities of implementation of cleaner production (CP) in a shrimp culture farm. The methodology used for this was exploratory research implemented in a production unit located in the Northeast Brazil. The scientific article approaches since generic aspects of the technique about the management to use water, energy and the effluent characterization of this productive activity. It discusses quantitative aspects, environmental questions and chances of P+L during the productive process phases. The results points to input economy in the form of feed, soil correctives, medicines, and energy applied to the process, which range from 4% to 27%, emphasizing the small profit should be viewed as a source of considerable environment return. The authors conclude for the adoption property of this technique in this agribusiness segment, point out to the management importance of the input dosage in the quality of the final effluent, besides the adoption of a physical-chemistry remediation mechanism to the residual of Sodium metabissulphite used in the process of shrimp caught; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; O objetivo do trabalho é apresentar uma estratégia de implementação da produção mais limpa (P+L) em uma fazenda de cultivo de camarões. A metodologia utilizada foi pesquisa exploratória...
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Estudo da influência de compostos recalcitrantes na remoção de matéria orgânica biodegradável no tratamento de efluente de refinarias de petróleo; Studies of hard-to-degrade compounds influence on removal of biodegradable organic material from petroleum refinery wastewaters
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Tese de Doutorado
Formato: application/pdf
POR
Relevância na Pesquisa
938.9%
#Toxicidade#Refinaria de petróleo#Fotoquímico#Biológico#Adaptação#Respirometria#Toxicity#Petroleum refinary#Photochemical#Biological#Aclimation
Petroleum Refinery wastewaters (PRW) have hart-to-degrade compounds, such as: phenols, ammonia, cyanides, sulfides, oils and greases and the mono and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons: benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX), acenaphthene, nitrobenzene and naphtalene. It is known that the microrganisms activity can be reduced in the presence of certain substances, adversely affecting the biological process of wastewater treatment. This research was instigated due the small number of studies regarding to this specific topic in the avaiable literature. This body of work ims to evaluate the effect of toxic substances on the biodegradability of the organic material found in PRW. Glucose was chosen as the model substrate due to its biodegradable nature. This study was divided into three parts: i) a survey of recalcitants compounds and the removal of phenol by using both biological and photochemical-biological processes; ii) biomass aclimation and iii) evaluation of the inhibitory effect certain compounds have on glucose biodegradation. The phenol degradation experiments were carried out in an activity sludge system and in a photochemical reactor. The results showed the photochemical-biological process to be more effective on phenol degradation...
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Influência do teor e granulometria da calcita e da temperatura de sinterização no desenvolvimento de massas cerâmicas para revestimento poroso(BIII); Influence of particle size and content of calcite and sintering temperature on the development of porous ceramic body coating
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Tese de Doutorado
Formato: application/pdf
POR
Relevância na Pesquisa
938.9%
#Matérias-primas para cerâmica#Revestimento poroso#Calcita#Sinterização#Propriedades cerâmicas#Granulometria#Raw materials for ceramics#Porous coating#Calcite#Sintering#ceramic properties
This work aims at studying the influence of the concentration of calcite, its grain size and
sintering temperature to obtain porous coating formulations that meet the design specifications.
The experiments involved the physical-chemical and mineralogical caracterization of the raw
materials, and mechanical tests on specimens dried and sintered, performing a planning mixture
and factorial experiment, using the response surface methodology. The ceramic bodies studied
were prepared by dry process, characterized, placed in conformity by uniaxial pressing and
sintered at temperatures of 940 º C, 1000ºC, 1060ºC, 1120°C and 1180°C using a fast-firing
cycle. The crystalline phases formed during sintering at temperatures under study, revealed the
presence of anorthite and wolastonite, and quartz-phase remaining. These phases were mainly
responsible for the physical and mechanical properties of the sintered especimens. The results
shown that as increases the participation of carbonate in the composition of ceramic bodies there
is an increase of water absorption and a slight reduction in linear shrinkage for all sintering
temperatures. As for the mechanical strength it was observed that it tended to decrease for
sintering at temperatures between 940 ° C and 1060 ° C and to increase for sintering at
temperatures above 1060 ° C occurring with greater intensity for compositions with higher
content of calcite. The resistence decreased with increasing participation of quartz in all sintering
temperatures. The decrease in grain size of calcite caused a slight increase in water absorption for
formulation with the same concentration of carbonate...
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Estudo da funcionalidade de espécies comestíveis do semiárido nordestino e estratégias para sua utilização como ingredientes para fins alimentícios
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Tese de Doutorado
Formato: application/pdf
POR
Relevância na Pesquisa
938.9%
#Semiárido. Cactáceas. Algaroba. Compostos bioativos. Funcionalidade. Avaliação sensorial#Semiarid. Cactaceae. Algaroba. Bioactive compounds. Food functionality. Sensory evaluation#CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA
The Brazilian caatinga is characterized by low annual rainfall and arid soils. Several
cactaceae, either native or adapted species, grow in this semi-arid region, including the
prickly pear (Opuntia fícus indica) and facheiro ((Philosocereus pachycladus Ritter) which
produce underexploited edible fruits. In addition to these species, the algaroba is a leguminous
with little studied technological applications and bioactive potential so far. Therefore, this
research aims to investigate the physicochemical, bioactive and functional attributes of the
prickly pear and facheiro fruit pulps and the algaroba flour. Specifically, this study
approaches the physicochemical characterization, total phenolic compounds (TPC) and the
betalain identification and quantification by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS. It is also investigated the
DPPH antioxidant capacity and the antienzymatic activities against alpha-amylase and alphaglucosidase
of water and ethanolic extracts of these food material. In order to address their
potential to be used as food ingredients, juice blends prepared with mixtures of cajá and
prickly pear, biofilms with facheiro and cereal bars with algaroba flour were elaborated and
analyzed. The prickly pear fruits presented low acidity and high sugar content when compared
to facheiro. The Philosocereus pachycladus Ritter fruits had higher protein and ash content...
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Degradação do fungicida tiofanato metílico pelo processo foto-Fenton em reatores anular e solar
Fonte: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Publicador: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BR; UFRN; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química; Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais
Tipo: Dissertação
Formato: application/pdf
POR
Relevância na Pesquisa
1050.49195%
#Degradação#Fungicida#Foto-Fenton#Tiofanato metílico#Reatores
fotoquímicos#Degradation#Fungicide#Photo-Fenton#Thiophanate methyl#Photochemical reactors#CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA
Effluents from pesticide industries have great difficulty to decontaminate the environment and, moreover, are characterized by high organic charge and toxicity. The
research group Center for Chemical Systems Engineering (CESQ) at the Department of Chemical Engineering of Polytechnical School of University of São Paulo and
Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte have been applying the Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP's) for the degradation of various
types of pollutants. These processes are based on the generation of hydroxyl radicals, highly reactive substances. Thus, this dissertation aims to explore this process, since it
has been proven to be quite effective in removing organic charge. Therefore, it was decided by photo-Fenton process applied to the degradation of the fungicide
Thiophanate methyl in aqueous system using annular reactor (with lamp Philips HPLN 125W) and solar. The samples were collected during the experiment and analyzed for
dissolved organic carbon (TOC) using a Shimadzu TOC (Shimadzu 5050A e VCP). The Doehlert experimental design has been used to evaluate the influence of ultraviolet
radiation, the concentrations of methyl thiophanate (C12H14N4O4S2), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and iron ions (Fe2+)...
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