Biblioteca Digital

Este estudo mostrou uma forte influência dos fatores socioeconômicos e ambientais na prevalência da cárie dentária. Vinte e duas variáveis socioeconômicas e ambientais foram relacionadas a um indicador de saúde bucal. Este indicador consiste na soma dos índices CPO-D e ceo-d nos grupos de alunos de 5 a 12 anos para os 131 municípios que fizeram parte do Levantamento de Saúde Bucal do Estado de São Paulo em 1998. Destes 131 municípios estudados, 9% apresentaram Indicador baixo ( 2,6); 55% dos municípios, Indicador moderado (2,7 - 4,4); 34% dos municípios, Indicador considerado alto (4,5 - 6,5) e 2% apresentaram indicador muito alto (> 6,6). A prevalência de cárie dentária no Estado de São Paulo para esta faixa etária de 5 a 12 anos, medida por meio do Indicador, mostrou correlação significativa (p<0,05) com 17 das variáveis utilizadas. O modelo de regressão multifatorial mostrou correlação direta de 63% com três fatores principais: presença de flúor na água de abastecimento público, porte populacional do município e Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal para Educação. Este modelo final pode explicar 38% da variação da prevalência da cárie dentária no Estado de São Paulo em 1998. Em relação aos aspectos geográficos...

A relação oclusal dos arcos dentários de 105 bebês brasileiros com idades entre 1 a 3 anos, foi avaliada neste estudo. Estes apresentaram os seguintes requisitos para participarem da amostra: presença de dentes decíduos hígidos (sem cárie ou qualquer tipo de anomalia de forma e estrutura), sem histórico de traumatismo dentário e assimetrias, maxilar e facial. A amostra foi dividida em 4 grupos: Grupo 1: Bebês que apresentem no mínimo quatro incisivos, sendo dois superiores e dois inferiores irrompidos; Grupo 2: Bebês que apresentem incisivos e primeiros molares irrompidos; Grupo 3: Bebês que apresentem incisivos, primeiros molares e caninos irrompidos; Grupo 4 : Bebês que apresentem incisivos, primeiros molares, caninos e segundos molares irrompidos. A avaliação constou de exame clínico de cada criança e a análise das respostas dos questionários preenchidos pelos responsáveis. Os dados encontrados foram tabulados e analisados através de análise descritiva. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que as más oclusões aparecem em uma época precoce do desenvolvimento da dentição decídua em 19,05% das crianças estudadas.; The aim of the present study was to evaluate the oclusal relationship of the dental arch of 105 brasilian babies with age from 1 to 3 years old. The sample showed the following characteristics: presence of primary teeth (without dental decay or any kind of size or structure anomaly)...

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES); Objectives: The aim of this study was to in situ evaluate the pH before and after the application of the fermented milk product; the fluoride (F), calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), and insoluble extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) concentration on the dental biofilm; the demineralisation of the bovine dental enamel.Design: Ten volunteers wore palatine devices containing four blocks of bovine dental enamel during three phases of 14 days each. in each phase, the treatment was accomplished with either fermented milk A (Yakult(R)), or 20% sucrose solution (control) or fermented milk B (Batavito(R)). Then, dental biofilm was collected, processed and the ionic concentration and insoluble extracellular polysaccharides appraised. For evaluation of the mineral loss, both the initial and final microhardness were determined.Results: The results showed that the ionic concentration (F, Ca and P) was significantly higher in the fermented milk B in comparison with both the fermented milk A and the 20% sucrose solution. There was no significant difference amongst these last two. With regarding EPS was significantly lower in fermented milk B compared to fermented milk A and sucrose (P < 0.05)...

Os objetivos desse estudo foram: a) determinar por meio de um estudo epidemiológico transversal a prevalência de cárie e fluorose dentária em Paracambi, RJ, na população de escolares na faixa etária dos 12 anos; b) avaliar se há relação entre a experiência de cárie e prevalência e grau de fluorose nas crianças avaliadas e o nível socioeconômico. A amostra foi composta por 263 escolares, distribuídos em 06 escolas públicas e 03 escolas privadas. Foram coletados dados sobre a cárie e a fluorose dentária utilizando para isso, os índices CPOD e de Dean, respectivamente. Os exames foram realizados por uma examinadora previamente calibrada, segundo as normas da Organização Mundial da Saúde no pátio das escolas por meio de iluminação natural e secagem das superfícies com gaze esterelizada. Para a avaliação das características socioeconômica e cultural das crianças e suas famílias, foi aplicado um questionário com perguntas sobre os hábitos de higiene oral, o acesso ao dentista e a utilização do flúor e a percepção da doença cárie. Os dados coletados foram analisados por meio de análise univariada utilizando o teste qui-quadrado. O valor índice CPOD médio encontrado para os escolares de 12 anos do município de Paracambi foi de 3...

A significant number of children visit a dentist for the first time due to emergency situations. However, little is known regarding the prevalence, etiology, and treatment provided for children at emergency dental visits. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of children attending a dental school emergency clinic, the reasons for seeking dental care, and the treatment provided. Records of 270 patients who attended an emergency clinic during 2010 were analyzed, and 253 were selected. Demographic, diagnostic, and procedural information was collected. The mean child age was 7.8 years. For 208 children (82%), pain was the main reason for the emergency visit. Nearly 79% of the visits were due to caries, and the most frequently required treatment was endodontic intervention (31.22%). Of the decayed teeth, 61.70% were primary posterior teeth and 31.9% permanent posterior teeth. Pain caused by dental decay was the most frequent chief complaint. A large number of children were brought to the dentist with complaints that had started long before, for which over-the-counter medications had been used.

The literature documents a significant decline in the prevalence of dental caries among children. Unfortunately, dental decay rates of children of migrant workers remain high. This study collected data from 885 migrant children in central Washington. This community is in the west coast migrant stream. The area is served by a health center funded through the community and migrant health center program. There is an active dental program provided through the health center. The children were found to have a high rate of dental decay. However, there was a high rate of treatment of this decay and a rate of sealants (a preventive measure) nearly three times the rate in the general population. Although dental decay remains a serious problem in the migrant community, the migrant health centers appear to be making a positive impact on the dental health of the children.

As a proof of principle, we used an untargeted global metabolic profiling of saliva to understand the biochemical processes associated with dental decay, dentition (primary and secondary tooth eruption) and familiality in a sample of 25 sibling pairs. Pairs were selected to represent four different combinations of dentition and tooth health: 1) both siblings with primary teeth and no decay (n=5); 2) both siblings with primary teeth and discordant for dental decay (n=6); 3) both siblings with primary teeth and dental decay (n=4); and 4) one sibling with primary teeth the other with mixed dentition and both with no dental decay (n=10). There was a strong effect of sibship on the metabolite profiles identified; this may reflect the effects of common genes, environment and behaviors, and shared oral microbial communities. Nested in the familial effects were associations of metabolite profile with dentition and with dental decay. Using three different analyses (Euclidean distance, hierarchical clustering and PCA using selected biochemicals) metabolite profiles of saliva from children with decayed teeth were more similar than the metabolite profiles of saliva from children with healthy (sound) teeth. Larger studies that include host behaviors...

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe how the community centers from the the city of Goiania handled dental emergency care in children under 6 years during 2011. Methods: This quantitative study evaluated the dental charts of children under 6 years old of age focusing on emergent dental care and assessed dental emergency risk classification, child’s age and gender, chief complaint, involved teeth, clinical procedures performed, medications prescribed and referral. Data were recorded on forms for later descriptive analysis. Results: 1,108 children under 6 years old (4.0%) were treated, 556 male (50.2%), with a mean age of 3.7 years old (±1.4). The most reported chief complaints were toothache (47.9%, n=531) and dental trauma (20.0%, n=221). The most frequently performed clinical procedures were extraction (13.0%) and endodontic treatment (13.0%). No clinical procedures were performed in 58.5% of the cases (n=649). Conclusion: Emergency dental care for children under 6 years occurs mainly as a result of dental decay. It is necessary that emergency dental public services have a more effective management of these situations.; Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar o perfil do atendimento das urgências odontológicas em crianças menores de 6 anos nas Unidades de Saúde de Urgência da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Goiânia-Goiás. Material e Métodos: Neste estudo descritivo...

In 1992, a mail survey was conducted among South Australians aged 10 years and older to assess the knowledge of prevention of dental caries and gum diseases and to explore its variation by sociodemographic factors. The survey provided 838 completed questionnaires. Questions were asked on perceptions of importance of a number of preventive measures, the main purpose of water fluoridation and sources of information. Respondents rated four myths for preventing dental caries as the most important: 97 per cent rated regular tooth brushing; 87 per cent rated regular dental visits; 85 per cent rated calcium in the diet; and 78 per cent rated eating fibrous foods as definitely or probably important. Only 56 per cent of respondents rated drinking water with fluoride as definitely or probably important for preventing dental caries, and only half (50.2 per cent) identified the main purpose of water fluoridation as the prevention of decay. Respondents rated regular tooth brushing (96 per cent) and regular dental visits (87 per cent) as important for the prevention of gum diseases. However, the myth of massaging the gums was rated as important by 67 per cent. Higher percentages of females, older adults and those with lower educational attainment rated the myths for preventing caries as important. Younger people were less able to specify the main purpose for fluoridation of water supplies. The persistence of myths and the low rating of the importance of scientifically efficacious measures are major challenges for oral health promotion.; Kaye F. Roberts Thomson...

Objective: Diagnosis and prevention are among the most frequently provided services in Australian private general dental practice, and have increased over recent times. The aims of this study were to examine the provision of examinations, radiographs, prophylaxis and topical fluoride, and to assess whether these services varied by patient, visit and oral health characteristics. Basic Research Design: Data were collected by a mailed survey of a random sample of dentists from each State/Territory in Australia in 1998-99 with a response rate of 71%. Main Outcome Measures: Data were collected from a log of service items provided on a typical day. Results: Multivariate analyses of services showed that emergency visits were associated with higher rates [RR = Rate ratio, 95%CI] of radiographs (RR = 1.32, 1.06-1.66) but lower rates of prophylaxis (RR = 0.37, 0.29-0.48) and topical fluoride (RR = 0.20, 0.08-0.47) compared to non-emergency visits. Capital city patients had a higher rate of topical fluoride (RR = 2.06, 1.17-3.64) services than non-capital city patients. Patients with decayed teeth had a lower rate of prophylaxis services (RR = 0.82, 0.68-0.99) than patients with no decay. Compared to the reference of caries, patients with aesthetic problems had lower rates of radiographs (RR = 0. 19...

The 1999 National Oral Health Survey of Vietnam, a population-based survey from a developing country, provides a contrast to the findings of recent surveys in Australia and New Zealand. OBJECTIVES: This paper aims to describe oral health status and its socio-economic distribution and to evaluate change over time in the oral health of the population of Vietnam. METHODS: A multi-staged stratified sampling process was employed. Data on children aged 6 to 17 years were collected by an oral examination and a parental questionnaire. Adults aged 18+ years completed a questionnaire and were examined by trained and calibrated dentists. RESULTS: Oral hygiene status of the child and adult population was poor. Caries experience was high in children but moderate in adults. Caries experience was present mostly as untreated decay. Factors related to caries were sex, hygiene practices, socio-economic status, location and dental visiting. CONCLUSIONS: The oral health status of the younger Vietnamese generations was compromised by various factors and there are worrying trends, indicating deteriorating oral health in this population.; http://www.arcpoh.adelaide.edu.au/publications/journal/

Background: Severe untreated dental decay affects a child’s growth, body weight, quality of life as well as cognitive development, and the effects extend beyond the child to the family, the community and the health care system. Early health behavioural factors, including dietary practices and eating patterns, can play a major role in the initiation and development of oral diseases, particularly dental caries. The parent/caregiver, usually the mother, has a critical role in the adoption of protective health care behaviours and parental feeding practices strongly influence children’s eating behaviours. This study will test if an early oral health promotion intervention through the use of brief motivational interviewing (MI) and anticipatory guidance (AG) approaches can reduce the incidence of early childhood dental decay and obesity. Methods: The study will be a randomised controlled study with parents and their new-born child/ren who are seen at 6–12 weeks of age by a child/community health nurse. Consenting parents will complete a questionnaire on oral health knowledge, behaviours, self-efficacy, oral health fatalism, parenting stress, prenatal and peri-natal health and socio-demographic factors at study commencement and at 12 and 36 months. Each child–parent pair will be allocated to an intervention or a standard care group...

OBJECTIVES: We examined demographic and socioeconomic differences in the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), its association with dental caries in children, and whether exposure to water fluoridation modifies this association. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, we used a stratified, clustered sampling design to obtain information on 16 508 children aged 5 to 16 years enrolled in Australian school dental services in 2002 to 2005. Dental staff assessed dental caries, and parents completed a questionnaire about their child’s residential history, sources of drinking water, toothbrushing frequency, socioeconomic status (SES), and SSB consumption. RESULTS: Children who brushed their teeth less often and were older, male, of low SES, from rural or remote areas consumed significantly more SSBs. Caries was significantly associated with greater SSB consumption after controlling for potential confounders. Finally, greater exposure to fluoridated water significantly reduced the association between children’s SSB consumption and dental caries. CONCLUSIONS: Consumption of SSBs should be considered a major risk factor for dental caries. However, increased exposure to fluoridated public water helped ameliorate the association between SSB consumption and dental decay. These results reconfirm the benefits of community water fluoridation for oral health.; Jason M. Armfield...

Objectives: To determine predictors of untreated dental decay among 15–34-year-olds in Australia. Methods: Data were from Australia's National Survey of Adult Oral Health, a representative survey that utilized a three-stage, stratified clustered sampling design. Models representing demographic, socioeconomic, dental service utilization and oral health perception variables were tested using multivariable logistic regression to produce odds ratios. Results: An estimated 25.8% (95% CI 22.4–29.5) of 15–34-year-old Australians had untreated dental decay. After controlling for other covariates, those who lived in a location other than a capital city had 2.0 times the odds of having untreated dental decay than their capital city-dwelling counterparts (95% CI 1.29–3.06). Similarly, those whose highest level of education was not a university degree had 2.1 times the odds of experiencing untreated dental decay (95% CI 1.35–3.31). Perceived need of extractions or restorations predicted untreated coronal decay, with 2.9 times the odds for those who perceived a treatment need over those with no such treatment need perception (95% CI 1.84–4.53). Participants who experienced dental fear had 2.2 times the odds of having untreated dental decay (95% CI 1.38–3.41)...

BACKGROUND: Psychiatric patients have increased comorbid physical illness. There is less information, however, on dental disease, especially tooth decay, despite life-style risk factors or psychotropic-induced dry mouth in this population. Importantly, poor oral health can predispose people to chronic physical disease leading to avoidable admissions to hospital for medical causes. METHODS: Using MEDLINE, PsycInfo, EMBASE, and article bibliographies, we undertook a systematic search for studies from the last 25 years regarding the oral health of people with severe mental illness (SMI). Results were compared with the general population. The two outcomes were total tooth loss (edentulism) and dental decay measured through the following standardized measures: the mean number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth or surfaces. RESULTS: We identified 25 studies that had sufficient data for a random-effects meta-analysis. These covered 5076 psychiatric patients and 39,545 controls, the latter from either the same study or community surveys. People with SMI had 2.8 the odds of having lost all their teeth compared with the general community (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.7-4.6). They also had significantly higher decayed, missing, and filled teeth (mean difference = 5.0...

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of dental caries among children 6-months to 12-years-old in rural Honduras, and to explore the hypothesis that sugar consumption is positively correlated with dental decay among children 6-months to 12-years old in rural Honduras.

Methods: An interviewer implemented a cross-sectional survey of dental health determinants using convenience sampling. The same interviewer then examined the dentition of survey participants for dental decay according to the dental caries criteria recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Results: The study included a sample of 532 children from 8 rural communities. Seventy percent of children surveyed had decay of their primary dentition. The average dmft score in this population was 3.52 (SD=3.57). A logistic regression model yielded that children who eat more than 2.5 pieces of candy per day have at least twice the odds of dental decay compared to children who eat less candy.

Conclusion: These results establish that caries burden in primary dentition in these communities is higher than the WHO goal, and support the hypothesis that increased sugar consumption correlates positively to increased burden of decay.

; Thesis

Este estudo avaliou as condições de saúde bucal de 340 crianças de 0-30 meses de idade (21,3 ± 5,6), sendo 54,4% meninos, 45,6% meninas, de 20 creches de Salvador, considerando lesões incipientes e relacionando-as a alguns fatores determinantes da cárie. Os exames foram realizados por um único examinador utilizando-se espelho, sonda e lanterna. Os dentes foram limpos, secos com gaze e as lesões classificadas de acordo com o grau de severidade em cinco níveis (C0-C4; ativa/inativa). Um questionário avaliou o conhecimento sobre a cárie, fatores de risco, instrução, renda familiar e uso de flúor. Foram incluídos 229 questionários (67,35%). A análise dos dados foi realizada no Epi-info 6.02. Observou-se uma prevalência de cárie de 55,3% quando todos os estágios da lesão foram considerados: 25% entre 0-12 meses; 51,18% entre 13-24 meses; 71,03% entre 25-30 meses (chi² = 25,31; p < 0,01). Avaliando-se apenas manchas brancas ativas, 49,7% das crianças mostraram-se afetadas e 17,6%, apenas com lesões cavitadas. Das crianças afetadas, 90,96% apresentavam apenas dentes anteriores afetados: 80% das lesões eram incipientes e 20%, cavitadas. Não foi observada diferença significante entre sexos. O aumento da quantidade de biofilme dental mostrou associação positiva com a cárie nesta faixa etária (chi² = 67...

Objetivo: el conocer la relación que existe entre la caries dental de los escolares de seis a doce años de la Delegación Milpa Alta DF. y la ocupación instrucción y los ingresos de sus padres, con el propósito de incidir en el control de este problema a través de la implementación de programas de protección especifica (aplicación de flúor, selladores de fosetas y fisuras) y de promoción. Método: El tipo de estudio fue transversal, descriptivo y observacional, teniendo como universo de estudio a los 14.520 escolares de las 32 escuelas primarias de dicha Delegación. La muestra por conveniencia fue de 2.100 escolares, tomando a una de ellas por cada pueblo 12 en total. Resultados: El promedio general de caries dental en la dentición permanente fue de 3,4 y en la temporal de 3,9 no encontrándose diferencias entre los sexos ya que este problema se comportó de manera similar en los dos. Con relación a la caries dental el promedio más alto lo tuvieron los hijos de padres y madres desempleados con 4,0 y 3,7 respectivamente. De acuerdo a la educación el más elevado lo ocuparon los hijos de los padres con bachillerato completo 4,3 y en las madres con bachillerato incompleto con 3,9. De acuerdo a los ingresos el más alto con 3...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the dental health knowledge of primary school teachers, their attitudes toward the prevention of dental diseases and to identify any barriers to the implementation of oral health promotion programmes in schools. METHOD: Teachers' knowledge of the causes and prevention of dental decay and gum disease, their attitudes toward oral health and barriers to the implementation of dental health education programmes were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS: School teachers were generally very well informed about the causes and prevention of dental decay and gum disease. Knowledge of the appropriate management of serious dental trauma was very poor among this group although they seemed to have greater awareness of the appropriate management for less serious dental injuries. The majority of teachers demonstrated positive attitudes toward dental health and its incorporation into the school curriculum. Teachers' attitudes to their own involvement in school-based dental health education were also positive. Lack of training and resources and time within the curriculum were identified as major barriers to the implementation of a dental health education programme in primary schools. CONCLUSION: Developing teacher training programmes that include oral health knowledge and an evidence-based approach to dental health education within a school setting could enable primary school teachers to play a significant part in oral health promotion for young children in Trinidad.

A total of 120 children, aged 6-8 years, with different socioeconomical status (A, B and C categories) of high, middle and low class, respectively, were selected for a dental examination and data on possible variables for dmft(s) and DMFT(S) were obtained to predict the risk of caries development. Variation on dmft(s)/DMFT(S) was accounted for by the effect of some variables with a socioeconomic base. A representative part of the population in this study, particularly among the lower socioeconomic status group, was considered the highest risk group for developing dental caries. Among the parameters employed to identify such high risk populations only dmft(s) showed statistically significant differences for each socioeconomic status. The data obtained in our studies also showed that the second inferior deciduous molar followed by the first inferior deciduous molar, second molar and first superior molar respectively, were the major teeth showing high scores of dental decay. In the permanent dentition, the lesion is more often observed in the first inferior molar. In the primary dentition the inferior deciduous molars seems to be more susceptible to dental caries, followed by the superior deciduous molars, with the occlusal surface the most harmed by this pathology.;