Biblioteca Digital

O principal propósito deste trabalho foi problematizar o hodierno discurso educacional que busca valorizar as diferenças culturais, hoje bastante naturalizadas. Visando entender a emergência de enunciados sobre as pluralidades, diversidades e/ou diferenças culturais no contexto educacional brasileiro, analisamos alguns documentos de âmbito federal, produzidos pelo MEC entre 1997 e 2007. Durante a pesquisa, demonstrou-se necessário mapear alguns diferentes contextos globais em que a temática da diversidade ganhou relevância, assim como as diversas correntes epistemológicas que debatem essa temática. Estabelecemos, em nossa cartografia discursiva, duas principais tendências teóricas: a teoria crítica e o pósestruturalismo. Várias são as diferenças entre elas e, mesmo em seus interiores, encontramos muitos debates. As principais características que relacionam a teoria crítica à discussão que ora propomos são: sua leitura sobre o papel atribuído à Razão, à Dialética, ao Reconhecimento Identitário e à Redistribuição de bens materiais. Já no pós-estruturalismo encontramos críticas sobre esses conceitos por meio do estabelecimento de outras ideias, que privilegiam as traduções, os hibridismos e as diferenças culturais. Os autores e documentos pesquisados...

Este trabalho analisa a configuração de formas discursivas no Rio de Janeiro à época da Independência do Brasil (1820-1822). Ao direcionar as atenções para a imprensa periódica e panfletária desse período, pretende-se investigar o processo de temporalização de discursos políticos e suas implicações na relação entre as experiências do tempo histórico e a consecução da mudança política. Para tanto, a dissertação volta-se para o estudo de conceitos, linguagens, metáforas e expressões conformadoras de uma tessitura linguística na qual o tempo histórico era o eixo de performances discursivas atuantes no processo de Independência. Assim, a partir dos elementos em questão, defende-se a tese de que a temporalização dos discursos políticos se articula, bem como se retroalimenta de uma nova dinâmica histórica, na qual, entre fins do século XVIII e início do século XIX, um espaço de experiência revolucionário moderno vinha sendo formado.; This work analyses the configuration of discourses in Rio de Janeiro at the time of the independence of Brazil. By focusing on the periodical press as well as on leaflets published during that period, the research studies the process of temporalization of political discourses and its implication to the relationship between historical time and the dynamics of political change. In order to do so...

As práticas docentes são atravessadas pelos discursos dominantes em circulação nos espaços da educação na contemporaneidade. Nesse sentido, o artigo tem como objetivo analisar os discursos pedagógicos predominantes entre os professores quando se trata de metodologias de ensino. Para o estudo, selecionamos as noções de discurso pedagógico (Díaz, 1998), discutido a partir da compreensão de discurso de Michel Foucault. Para obtenção das informações, utilizamos questionários respondidos por 120 professores de escolas públicas e privadas de Santa Catarina e do Rio Grande do Sul, na região Sul do Brasil. As informações obtidas mostram que a interdição das metodologias centradas no ensino e o predomínio de uma pedagogia do aprendiz constituem o discurso pedagógico predominante na atualidade. Sommer (2005) e Silveira (2005) já apontavam tal predomínio ao estudarem os discursos sobre alfabetização. No entanto, não é apenas no que tange à alfabetização que tais discursos vigoram; eles também são encontrados nos ditos dos professores, tais como os de Educação Física e Letras, que atuam nas séries iniciais e finais do Ensino Fundamental e Médio.; The teaching practices cross the dominant discourses in circulation in the education space today. This article aims at bringing about pedagogical discourses that prevail among teachers when they deal with teaching methodologies. For this study...

Partindo das ideias centrais do artigo “O quadrilátero da formação para a área da saúde: ensino, gestão, atenção e controle social”, de Ceccim e Feuerwerker, publicado no ano de 2004 no volume 14 desta revista, o autor procura trazer contribuições à questão ao propor um ensaio teórico no qual cada elemento do quadrilátero será pensado como estruturante de discursos específicos. Para tanto, faz intervir a teoria dos quatro discursos de Jacques Lacan para proceder à construção de cada discurso e realizar as primeiras análises de seus efeitos no campo da formação do profissional em saúde. Após uma introdução elementar sobre aquela teoria, o autor passa a articular reflexivamente os elementos do quadrilátero entre si e a construir com o leitor cada um dos discursos, a saber, do Ensino, da Gestão, da Atenção e do Controle Social. Este último é trabalhado com mais detalhe, segundo os próprios argumentos do artigo de origem que lhe dá destaque, e passa a ser renomeado como Discurso do Usuário, para enfatizar o elemento subjetivo suposto neste discurso. Ao final, são apresentados alguns encaminhamentos para futuras pesquisas a partir de uma série de interrogações que a construção e as primeiras observações sobre os efeitos dos discursos estudados suscitaram. Este trabalho procura colaborar na mesma linha da pesquisa do artigo que o originou e levantar questões que permitam elucidar as condições de possibilidade do ingresso do sujeito como elemento do jogo estrutural que interfere e produz os atos no campo da saúde...

Neste trabalho pretende-se discutir a presença das mulheres em posições de poder, assumindo a necessidade de uma articulação da psicologia com as teorias feministas e com perspectivas de cidadania. Depois de uma breve referência aos trabalhos sobre mulheres em posições de liderança, apresentam-se as posições de diferentes posicionamentos feministas relativamente à questão da representação das mulheres na política e na liderança em geral. Por fim, apresentam-se os discursos de algumas mulheres que já se encontram nesses lugares, conseguidos através da análise de entrevistas em profundidade. Da análise efetuada argumenta-se pela a necessidade de maior discussão dessa problemática, desenfatizando as características psicológicas associadas ao gênero como argumentos para a representação política, assumindo a participação em si mesma como fulcral.; This study intends to discuss women’s presence in a place of power, stating a need to articulate psychology with feminist theories and with citizenship perspectives. Following a brief reference to work about women in leadership positions, different feminist views inherent to women’s representation in politics and in leadership in general will be presented. Finally...

The University as an idea, as a project, is being transformed. What are its specificities in the present days? Do universities still have a public task? What are the appropriate functions of higher education? What are the purposes of teaching and research? What counts as relevant knowledge and what counts as an appropriate higher education? Is the age of Universities (late 11th c. — early 21st c.) in the West getting to a close? Whose discourses are achieving dominance? Meanings related to the identity, principles and practices of the university have been reworked in profound and contradictory ways, generating tensions and disputes within the university and in its relations with the state and society. How are we dealing with these challenges that are at once obstructive, destructive and creating new opportunities? We need to make a pause, to look in the mirror. After all, we are “responding” in whatever we do.

It is by now common sense that there is a global tendency towards a market-oriented reform of universities and education systems, pressured by a number of structural changes frequently described in terms such as neo-liberal globalization, the information age, the rise of the knowledge-based economy and the learning society. Universities in many regions of Europe can currently be described as being in a state of crisis, suffering an acute lack of funding and going through money-saving reorganizations, struggling with the new “rituals of verification” (Power, 1999) and with providing knowledge and education that meet the changing needs of their surrounding society and economy. While there is a general trend (Amaral, 2010), experiences in different countries, institutions, disciplinary domains and academic milieus by different individuals will of course vary. Using an opportunity generated by the organization of the Fourth International Conference of Critical Approaches to Discourse Analysis Across Disciplines at the University of Minho, Braga, in July 2012, we engaged in a process of interviewing some of our fellow academics. We wanted to gather their opinions on the use of crisis discourses in higher education and research, particularly on its institutional recontextualisation (at the European Union and national levels...

Higher education plays a fundamental role in the construction of a European citizenship that demands the development of plurilingual competences. Although the Bologna Process highlights that development (relating it to mobility, employability and lifelong learning), language education does not seem to be a priority in the agenda of higher education institutions (Tudor 2006).In the context of curricular restructuring required by the Bologna Process, this article presents a case study of the University of Aveiro (UA), Portugal, which set out to describe institutional practices and discourses concerning the use and function of languages in undergraduate and postgraduate education in two academic years (2002–2003 and 2007–2008, before and after the restructuring). In order to identify practices, we analysed the programmes of all language courses.This allowed us to identify the languages and language courses offered, as well as the degree programmes into which they are integrated. In order to access institutional discourses, we interviewed seven actors responsible for training and management at the UA (Rectors, Vice-Rectors, the Head of the Department of Languages and Cultures, The Erasmus Programme Coordinator, and the President of the Students’ Union). The results show that the Bologna Process has had a limiting effect on language education: fewer language courses are offered and fewer degree programmes include them. This converges with the institutional actors’ discourses...

In this paper I set out from Brazilian social theories on race to analyse a contemporary corpus of news reports in a Brazilian broadsheet newspaper. The aim is investigating change in mediated discourses on race. Based on Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and with the help of corpus linguistics methodological tools I focus on lexical items used to categorise race, the semantic relations created and their association with discourse representation in the newspaper. The combined analysis of semantic relations and interdiscursivity has allowed for the perception of tensions over the use of terms from different semantic fields to categorize race and of conflicting discourses of race classification in the paper. The analysis has also allowed for a cautious interpretation of dialogicality and of different orientations to racial difference, following the social research inventories in Fairclough (2003) in the reports.

This paper examines the discourse configurations on the environmental theme in business organizations and its relevance to the understanding of the inclusion of ecological discourses in the discourses of organizational members. A case study into a Brazilian telecommunications company offers empirical evidence. It begins with the understanding that organizations adopt several strategies in an attempt to disseminate a certain environmental discourse. As these efforts share space with other pressures, a fragmented discourse emerges. In this paper, the pressures of the environmental theme on organizations are discussed in order to understand this process. The second part of the argument focuses on the context of the case study - Brazilian organizations - and, afterwards, the third part deals with ecological discourses in their insertions in organizational interests. The data of the case study were collected through documental research and 40 semi-structured interviews. The analysis was applied based on Discourse Analysis. In conclusion, an ambiguous discourse configuration was shown that offer elements for the understanding that philanthropy, legal obligation and organizational competitiveness need to be used together to offer legitimacy to the theme of environmental responsibility in business organizations

Esta investigación es un estudio de caso cualitativo, cuyo objetivo es describir los discursos de poder que subyacen a las prácticas educativas de los profesores de inglés en la Licenciatura de Lenguas Modernas en la PUJ de Bogotá y que contribuyen a mantener o transformar el status quo. La descripción del fenómeno está enmarcada dentro de tres conceptos principales: hegemonía, discursos de poder y prácticas educativas, considerando que la enseñanza del inglés (como de cualquier otra lengua) está directamente relacionada con el poder y no debe ser reducida a asuntos meramente procedimentales, lo que aleja el salón de clases de su contexto local y global. En un intento por develar el cimiento ideológico que permea la enseñanza del inglés en el contexto de expansión capitalista-globalización-, los datos muestran que esta dinámica política, económica y cultural influye en la orientación pedagógica de los profesores y por lo tanto en su práctica educativa.; This research is a qualitative case study, whose objective is to describe the discourses of power that underlie EFL teachers educational practices within the Modern Languages Degree. Those discourses contribute either to maintain or to transform the status quo. The description of the phenomenon is framed within three core concepts: hegemony...

When the states of England and Scotland combined in 1707, the conditions were created whereby English nationalism and interests would affect the expressions of a new British nationalism and notions of Britishness. As the British state expanded into Empire, ‘Anglo-British national identity’ began to be expressed through an imperial-national discourse based on notions of governance. As ‘Englishness’ played a large part in the creation of ‘Britishness’, so too did imperial discourses of ‘Britishness’ affect the meaning of ‘Englishness’. Thus, with England as the most powerful and conspicuous of all the constituent parts of the Union, the statist and imperial framework for discourses of British nationalism that were articulated would not so much submerge Englishness, but feed into it. This situation gave Englishness and Britishness much of the same character, ‘hiding’ English identity in the sense that it became implicit in manifestations of ‘British’ identity and making the terms ‘English’ and ‘British’ almost synonymous – at least for the English. The conflation of notions of England, Britain and Empire also allowed English nationalists to appropriate non-English space and peoples when speaking about and defining England. Accordingly...

There has been considerable debate in recent years and criticism levelled both from inside and outside sources at the English curriculum in Saudi Arabia (Al-Ahaydib, 1996; Al-Eid, 2000; Al-Hazmi, 2003; Al-Khazim, 2003; Al-Qahatani, 2003; Al-Asmari, 2008; Alamri, 2008; Elyas, 2009a, 2009b). As the future English school teachers, Saudi University students studying English in Saudi higher institutions and the pedagogies employed by their lecturers are of particular interest in this regard. Some work has been done on Arabic students studying English in other Gulf countries (Al-Balushi, 1999; Al-Brashi, 2003; Syed, 2003; Al-Issa, 2005, Clarke, 2006, 2007, 2008a, 2008b, 2008c, 2009, 2010), on the social-cultural aspects of attitudes towards learning English as a language and the effect of English culture(s) on Saudi Arabian students and teachers (Al-Ahaydib, 1996; Al-Jarf, 2004, Al-Hag & Samdi, 1996; Al-Qahatani, 2003; Al-Asmari, 2008, Elyas, 2007, 2008a, 2008b, 2008c). However, a detailed unpacking of the different cultural influences (both Islamic and Western), and how they are evidenced in policy documents, curriculum, textbooks and pedagogy, remains relatively unexplored (Elyas, 2009b). In addition, the effect of the various influences on the teachers‘ professional identities...

Geosemiotics (Scollon and Scollon, 2003) frames this analysis of play, multimodal collaboration, and peer mediation as players navigate barriers to online connectivity in a children’s social network and gaming site. A geosemiotic perspective enables examination of children’s web play as discourses in place: fluidly converging and diverging interactions among four factors: (1) social actors, (2) interaction order, (3) visual semiotics, and (4) place semiotics. The video data are excerpted from an ethnographic study of a computer club for primary school-aged children in an afterschool program serving working-class and middle-class families in a US Midwest university community. Discourses of schooling in the computer room and Webkinz complicated children’s goal of coordinated game play and mutual participation in online games. Barriers to online connection produced ruptures that foregrounded childrens’ collaborative management of time and space. This foregrounding makes typically backgrounded practices, modes, and discourses visible and available for deconstruction and critique.

Mathematics education is powerful. This is an assertion that appears often in mathematics education research papers. However, the meaning of the assertion is far from being clear. An analysis of different ways of talking about power in relation to mathematics education, in research literature, is put forward. Three main discourses are identified: Power as an intrinsic capacity, power as structural imbalance, and power as distributed positioning. Identifying these discourses allows clarifying the values associated to mathematics education and the pedagogical imaginaries that are possible to envision for mathematics teaching and learning.; La educaci??n matem??tica es poderosa. Esta afirmaci??n aparece con frecuencia en art??culos de investigaci??n; no obstante su significado no es siempre claro. Un an??lisis de las distintas maneras de hablar sobre el poder en relaci??n con la educaci??n matem??tica se ponen al descubierto en tres tipos de discursos: el poder como capacidad intr??nseca, el poder como desequilibrio estructural y el poder como posicionamiento distribuido. La identificaci??n de estos tres discursos permite elucidar los valores que se le atribuyen a la educaci??n matem??tica, y hacer evidente los imaginarios pedag??gicos posibles para pensar la ense??anza y el aprendizaje de las matem??ticas.

This article aims to identify the discourses articulated in images of heterosexual ads published in women’s magazines and their ideological underpinnings. It explores how heterosexuality is represented at a visual level, and examines the notions of femininity and masculinity, gender and sexuality that are constructed by the ads and the way they are intertwined. The main structures of the images are analysed within the framework of social semiotics, and from a critical feminist point of view. The analysis of hetero ads reveals the presence of heteronormative gender discourses and conventional representations of the hetero couple, as well as the presence of more ‘permissive’ discourses and representations concerning female sexuality. However, although some ads might slightly ‘flirt’ with female sexual transgression, this is done in a way that does not threat dominant conceptions of feminine heterosexuality. In conclusion, hetero ads still reinforce conventional heteronormative expectations regarding the relationship between sexuality and gender.

Diversos discursos podem ser encontrados na literatura científica, indicativos de como o saneamento vem sendo percebido em sua relação com a saúde e o ambiente. Entre eles destaca-se um grupo de discursos alicerçados na prevenção de doenças, segundo os quais cabe ao saneamento higienizar o ambiente e com isso evitar as doenças. Há também outro grupo, cujos discursos se aproximam dos pressupostos da promoção da saúde, de acordo com os quais o saneamento assume ações para a melhoria da qualidade ambiental e de vida e para a erradicação das doenças. Foi realizada pesquisa em base eletrônica de dados com o fim de identificar artigos científicos publicados em periódicos da área de saneamento. A partir destes, foram resgatados e examinados quatro discursos coletivos sobre a relação saneamento-saúde-ambiente com o propósito de identificar suas possíveis afiliações a um dos grupos acima citados. Os discursos obtidos revelaram um viés essencialmente preventivista.; Discourses about sanitation, water supply, solid waste, urban drainage, and the relationship between sanitation, health and environment can be found in the scientific literature. There is a group of them based on the point of view of health promotion. Another one is based on the diseases prevention approach. Four collective discourses about the sanitation-health-environment relationship...

This is a study on the contemporary discourses referring to Joao Maria in the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. Taking as a reference the notion of discourse as a significant human action (Ricoeur), I defend that the discourses referring to Joao Maria are created by the joaninos (the people who recognize Joao Maria) through their historical culture (which is formed by values, symbols, images, contextual events and a diffuse Catholicism). These discourses also possess temporality, express something and are available to other analysis and interpretations. Joao Maria is seen, in this work, as a founding event around which gravitate many meanings, identified as God, Jesus Christ, a Prophet, a Saint or a symbol of the struggle for land. The legitimated discourses referring to Joao Maria can be understood as adequate in the joaninos interpretation of the world, in the control of the world indetermination, to announce and cease evil, to react against what conflicts their culture, to stimulate the political struggle or to announce the desired world.; http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7976.2012v19n28p88 Este é um estudo sobre os discursos contemporâneos a respeito de João Maria em Santa Catarina, Sul do Brasil. Partindo da noção de discurso como ação humana significativa...

In this article, we have analyzed the way the incitation of sponsorship happens in the religious television program called Show da Fé (Show of faith), while observing the discourses produced in Testimony of the faithful, considering: i) the verbal and non-verbal ideological signs, and the effects of refracted senses in speech; ii) the double-voiced speeches that recapture God's words, engineered to incite sponsorship; and iii) the controversial dialogue with rival social voices. In order to do so, we used Bakhtin's circle's theoretical reflections, stating the double-voice concepts, the ideological signs, and the social voices. Our goal was to perceive the tension existent between the religious and the advertising discourses, as well as the production of senses on television.; En este artículo se analiza cómo se produce la incitación al patrocinio del programa de televisión religioso Show da fé (Show de la fe), observando los discursos producidos en el Testigo del fiel, teniendo en cuenta: i) los signos ideológicos verbales y no verbales y los efectos de sentidos refractados en el discurso; ii) los procesos bivocales que captan la palabra divina, diseñados para incitar el patrocinio; iii) el diálogo polémico con voces sociales competidoras. Para esto...

This article aims to identify the discourses articulated in images of heterosexual ads published in women's magazines and their ideological underpinnings. It explores how heterosexuality is represented at a visual level, and examines the notions of femininity and masculinity, gender and sexuality that are constructed by the ads and the way they are intertwined. The main structures of the images are analysed within the framework of social semiotics, and from a critical feminist point of view. The analysis of hetero ads reveals the presence of heteronormative gender discourses and conventional representations of the hetero couple, as well as the presence of more 'permissive' discourses and representations concerning female sexuality. However, although some ads might slightly 'flirt' with female sexual transgression, this is done in a way that does not threat dominant conceptions of feminine heterosexuality. In conclusion, hetero ads still reinforce conventional heteronormative expectations regarding the relationship between sexuality and gender.