Página 1 dos resultados de 3197 itens digitais encontrados em 0.026 segundos
- World Bank, Washington, DC
- Washington, DC
- Health Transition Centre, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University
- Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists
- Academic Journals
- Washington, DC: Independent Evaluation Group
- World Bank
- Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública
- World Health Organization
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Working with the Private Sector for Child Health
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
EN_US
Relevância na Pesquisa
86.21%
#BEHAVIOR CHANGE#CHILD HEALTH#CHILD HEALTH SERVICES#CLINICS#CURATIVE HEALTH CARE#DEATHS#DIARRHEA#DOCTORS#EQUIPMENT#ESSENTIAL DRUGS#EXPENDITURES
This document assesses the current
importance and potential of the private sector in
contributing to child health. In many countries private and
non-governmental providers are more commonly consulted for
child health illnesses than public providers are. Even poor
families often use private sector services. Families spend
relatively large amounts of money for curative services in
the private sector, even when there are cheaper public
sector alternatives available. However, in many settings
private providers are poorly regulated and the technical
quality of the services they provide is questionable. This
document focuses on the role of the private sector in the
direct provision of child health services. The private
sector clearly has a much broader potential role in many
other areas related to and supporting the provision of child
health services-including the provision of ancillary
services, training of health professionals (both pre-service
and in-service), communication services, and financing of
health care. The potential of the private sector in each of
these areas is touched on in this document...
Link permanente para citações:
Maternal Health Out-of-Pocket Expenditure and Service Readiness in Lao PDR : Evidence for the National Free Maternal and Child Health Policy from a Household and Health Center Survey
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
EN_US
Relevância na Pesquisa
76.16%
#ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE#ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE SERVICES#ACCESSIBILITY#AGED#ANTENATAL CARE#BABY#BIRTH ATTENDANT#BIRTH ATTENDANTS#BIRTH RATES#CAESAREAN SECTION#CAESAREAN SECTIONS
Although Lao PDR has made notable
progress in improving maternal and child health (MCH),
attainment of the Millennium Development Goal 5 (MDG5) still
remains a challenge. This is largely due to the barriers
imposed by financial restrictions. In order to address these
financial barriers, the Government of Lao PDR has introduced
a national free MCH policy. However, certain non-financial
barriers are also impediments to the achievement of this
goal, such as physical access to remote communities,
especially during rainy season, cultural practices and
beliefs, and poor educational outcomes. In seeking to inform
the implementation and scale-up of this national free MCH
policy at this crucial initial stage, this paper reports on
findings from a household, village and health center survey
The policy implications of the findings from the survey are:
1) although financial protection implied by the national
free MCH policy is strong, reducing financial barriers alone
would not be sufficient to increase the utilization of
services...
Link permanente para citações:
Maternal and Child Survival : Findings from Five Countries Experience in Addressing Maternal and Child Health Challenges
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
EN_US
Relevância na Pesquisa
76.22%
#ABORTION#ACCESS TO EDUCATION#ACCESS TO REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES#ADOLESCENT REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH#ADOLESCENTS#AGED#BASIC EDUCATION#BEHAVIOR CHANGE#BEHAVIOUR CHANGE#BIRTH ATTENDANTS#BIRTH RATES
Considerable progress has been made
towards the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals
(MDGs) since 1990. Although advances in improving MDG 4 and
MDG 5a (reducing child and maternal mortality, respectively)
have been made, progress is some countries have been
insufficient. While some countries have made substantial
gains, others have not. This paper is part of a larger study
that aims to address this gap in knowledge. The paper
discusses the findings from qualitative case studies of five
countries that are either on track to meet MDGs 4 and 5a by
2015 or have made significant progress to this end (Bolivia,
China, Egypt, Malawi and Nepal). Although they have
different socio-economic characteristics, all have made
significant advancements due to a strong commitment to
improving maternal and child health. To do this, strong
political commitment, through policies backed by financial
and programmatic support, was critical. In addition,
focusing on the most vulnerable populations helped increase
access to and use of services. Empowering women and families
through education...
Link permanente para citações:
The determinants of use of maternal and child health services in Metro Cebu, the Philippines
Fonte: Health Transition Centre, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University
Publicador: Health Transition Centre, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University
Tipo: Artigo de Revista Científica
Formato: 49308 bytes; application/pdf
EN_AU
Relevância na Pesquisa
95.97%
#maternal health services#child health services#Metro Cebu#Philippines#maternal education#polytomous logistic regression
The determinants of the use of family planning, prenatal care, childhood immunizations and oral rehydration salts (ORS) were studied with survey data of 8000 women in Metro Cebu, the Philippines. Polytomous logistic regression methods were used. The level of maternal education was the most consistent and important determinant of use of these four health services in both urban and rural areas. For example, the estimated odds of using modern contraception increased by six and eleven per cent for each additional year of schooling in urban and rural strata respectively. Economic status and access to service variables had less consistent patterns: women’s work status, for example, was associated only with contraceptive use.; no
Link permanente para citações:
Approaches to delivering child and adolescent mental health services: The South Australian experience
Fonte: Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists
Publicador: Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists
Tipo: Artigo de Revista Científica
Publicado em //1995
EN
Relevância na Pesquisa
76.15%
#Humans#Incidence#Community Mental Health Services#Mental Disorders#Adolescent Health Services#Child Health Services#Adolescent#Child#Patient Admission#Cross-Sectional Studies#Day Care
Approximately 10% of children and adolescents experience mental health programs, however only a small proportion receive specialised help. Identifying approaches which can provide a balanced and effective service for the large number of children and adolescents with problems is currently a major challenge for child and adolescent mental health services in Australia. In South Australia, following a review in 1983, child and adolescent services were reorganised into two separate but closely related services. This paper draws on experience in South Australia over the last decade to identify approaches which can be employed in six key areas that significantly influence the effectiveness of child and adolescent mental health services. The paper also describes the specific features which were included in the South Australian child and adolescent mental health service to address these issues.
Link permanente para citações:
Coverage of child health services in rural districts of Ethiopia with the Health Services Extension Program
Fonte: Academic Journals
Publicador: Academic Journals
Tipo: Artigo de Revista Científica
Publicado em //2015
EN
Relevância na Pesquisa
86.09%
Improving access to health care services has been advocated widely since the Declaration of Alma-Ata. Despite the efforts to realize this in Ethiopia, it is only in the year 2003 that the intention to take the package of essential health services to the kebele level (smallest administrative unit) was realized through the introduction of the Health Services Extension Program (HSEP). The objective of this study was to explore whether introduction of HSEP has improved the coverage of child health services in the rural areas of Jimma Zone. A cross sectional study was conducted in three randomly selected districts of Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia. The data collection was undertaken during the months of May, June and July, 2009. A structured questionnaire was used to interview female heads of sampled households from nine kebeles randomly selected in three Woredas (districts). Data were collected on the socio-demographic characteristics, use of health posts, child vaccination and childhood diarrhea. Checklists were used for record review. Data obtained were analysed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) V14. Only 64.0% of the kebeles had functional health posts, although another 32.0% of the kebeles in the zone had health posts under construction. However...
Link permanente para citações:
Improving Coverage and Utilization of Maternal and Child Health Services in Lao PDR; Impact Evaluation of the Community Nutrition Project
Fonte: Washington, DC: Independent Evaluation Group
Publicador: Washington, DC: Independent Evaluation Group
Tipo: Working Paper; Publications & Research; Publications & Research :: Working Paper
ENGLISH; EN_US
Relevância na Pesquisa
76.18%
#CHILD HEALTH#BIRTH#RISKS#TREATMENT#REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH#VILLAGES#PEOPLE#VACCINATION#FINANCING#FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT#ANTENATAL CARE
The World Bank supported the community
nutrition project (CNP) in the Lao People’s Democratic
Republic (PDR) from 2009 to 2013, ostensibly to respond to
the global food crisis of 2007-08. The evaluation finds an
attributable effect on only one of the six formal project
indicators: children in intervention areas were more likely
to receive full diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus (DPT)
vaccines. This impact evaluation seeks to address whether
the CNP can make causal claims to improving indicators
related to its six stated project development objective
measurements for mothers and children under two years old:
antenatal care visits, institutional delivery, well-child
checkups, breastfeeding, immunization, and diarrhea oral
rehydration solutions. The results of quasi-experimental
impact evaluation methods indicate that although general
effects for these outcomes are mixed, the project shows
improvements for the poorest 40 percent of the population.
Link permanente para citações:
Delivering Better Health Services to Pakistan's Poor
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Health Sector Review; Economic & Sector Work
ENGLISH; EN_US
Relevância na Pesquisa
76.14%
#ABORTION#ABORTION RATE#ACCESS TO FAMILY PLANNING#ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME#ADULT POPULATION#AGE DISTRIBUTION#AGED#AGING#ANTENATAL CARE#BEHAVIOR CHANGE#BIRTH ATTENDANTS
Pakistan is not on track to achieve most
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) related to health,
nutrition and population. Given its current rate of
progress, in 2015 Pakistan's infant mortality rate
(IMR) will be 65 deaths per 1,000 live births and the
under-five mortality rate (U5MR) will be 78, considerably
above the MDG4 targets of 33 and 43 deaths per 1000 births
respectively. Pakistan will not achieve the MDG related to
nutrition. The review aims to develop a limited set of
practical options that will allow the government and other
stakeholders to improve the availability and use of health
services, especially for the poor. The report mainly focuses
on synthesizing the available body of knowledge through
review of existing studies, reports and research. The report
starts with a description of the health and nutrition status
of the population, Pakistan's fertility and growth
rates and potential to benefit from a demographic dividend,
the burden of diseases and trends in the past few years. The
second and third chapters describe the performance of the
public health care system over time...
Link permanente para citações:
Maternal Health, Child Health and Nutrition in Lao PDR : Evidence from a Household Survey in Six Central and Southern Provinces
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Other Health Study; Economic & Sector Work
ENGLISH; EN_US
Relevância na Pesquisa
76.23%
#ACCESS TO FAMILY PLANNING#ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE#ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE SERVICES#ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES#ADULT LITERACY#ADULT MORTALITY#AGED#ANEMIA#ANTENATAL CARE#ANTENATAL VISITS#ANTIGENS
Despite being on-track on the child- and
maternal-health Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), Lao PDR
continues to have some of the worst maternal and child
health (MCH) and nutrition outcome indicators, both globally
as well as in the East Asia and Pacific (EAP) region. This
report presents results from a household, village, and
facility survey on Maternal and Child Health (MCH) and
nutrition in mostly rural areas of six central and southern
provinces of Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR).
The information in this report localizes MCH and
nutrition-related information that are typical for sampled
catchment areas of selected health centers in six central
and southern provinces of the country. In addition, the
report summarizes data on service availability and readiness
of health centers in terms of their ability to provide key
MCH & nutrition-related services. The results from this
survey thus shed light on what it would take to attain the
health-related MDGs. In order to improve the level and
equity of maternal and child health indicators...
Link permanente para citações:
Health, Nutrition, and Population in Madagascar 2000-09
Fonte: World Bank
Publicador: World Bank
Tipo: Publications & Research :: Publication; Publications & Research :: Publication
ENGLISH
Relevância na Pesquisa
76.21%
#ABORTION#ABORTION COMPLICATIONS#ABORTION RATE#ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES#ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME#ADOLESCENT PREGNANCIES#ADOLESCENTS#AGED#ANTENATAL CARE#ANTENATAL VISITS#AT RISK GROUPS
With an income per capita US$400 in
2008, Madagascar is one of the poorest countries in the
world. Poverty is widespread but with significant
urban-rural differences (52 percent versus 74 percent).
Health, nutrition, and the fight against communicable
diseases and HIV/AIDS are key goals of the country's
poverty reduction strategy, the Madagascar Action Plan
2007-2012. The National Health Sector and Social Protection
Development Plan 2007-2011 was developed to strengthen the
health system and improve service delivery to reduce
neonatal, child and maternal mortality, address malnutrition
and control communicable illnesses. The health sector has
benefited from increasing investment over the last years,
and a number of studies and surveys have been carried out,
providing a wealth of information that is yet to be analyzed
in a complementary way. This Country Status Report (CSR)
seeks to capitalize on all of the existing data in the
health sector, compare Madagascar to countries of similar
income levels and assess the results achieved by the health
system. The CSR provides an analysis of the
population's health and nutrition status by linking
health outcomes...
Link permanente para citações:
Private Sector Participation in Child Health : A Review of World Bank Projects, 1993-2002
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Tipo: Publications & Research :: Working Paper; Publications & Research
ENGLISH; EN_US
Relevância na Pesquisa
76.21%
#CHILD HEALTH SERVICES#CHILD HEALTH OUTCOMES#PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION#NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION#CONTRACTING#SOCIAL MARKETING#HEALTH REGULATIONS#FRANCHISING#INFORMATION DISSEMINATION#TRAINING#ADVOCACY
There is an increasing amount of
evidence to support the view that the private sector
significantly influences child health and nutrition outcomes
through both service provision and supply of health related
goods. In this context, this paper analyzes World Bank
projects in Health, Nutrition and Population between fiscal
years 1993-2002. The paper identifies the range of
approaches taken to involve the private sector in improving
child health outcomes; the actors involved; the type of
activities supported by the projects; and examples of
successful private sector participation. The paper's
concludes: As measured by the proportion of projects (more
than 50 perccent) that involved the private sector in child
health, private sector participation was significant. As
measured by the magnitude of involvement (budget amounts and
stated project objectives), the degree of private sector
participation was relatively small for most projects. Since
most projects did not mention a systematic assessment of
potential and opportunities to engage the private sector...
Link permanente para citações:
Tajikistan - Quality of Child Health Services
Fonte: World Bank
Publicador: World Bank
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Health Sector Review; Economic & Sector Work
ENGLISH
Relevância na Pesquisa
86.23%
#ADOLESCENT HEALTH#AGED#ANEMIA#ANTENATAL CARE#ARI#ASPHYXIA#BABIES#BCG#BOTH SEXES#BREASTFEEDING#BREASTFEEDING DURATION
The Government of Tajikistan has
identified Primary Heath Care (PHC), and Maternal and Child
Health (MCH) as top priorities in its first Comprehensive
National Health Sector Strategy (2010-2020). The study
findings which closely mirror those of the 2009 World Health
Organization (WHO)/United Nation children's Fund
(UNICEF) Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI)
survey will be of great concern to the Ministry of Health
and should provide the impetus to take immediate remedial
actions. Much remains to be done to improve the overall
quality of primary health care services for under-five
children. Two main issues are highlighted by this study.
Firstly, the quality of primary health care services
provided to children is lacking in many areas, irrespective
of the PHC provider's type of training. Second, is that
the family medicine and IMCI training programs and methods
require further enhancement to ensure that the service
quality for children improves. The study also finds that
supervision of PHC workers is irregular...
Link permanente para citações:
The Impact of Price Subsidies on Child Health Care Use : Evaluation of the Indonesian Healthcard
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Tipo: Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper; Publications & Research
ENGLISH
Relevância na Pesquisa
76.2%
#ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE#AGE GROUPS#BASIC HEALTH SERVICES#CAPITAL INVESTMENTS#CARE FOR CHILDREN#CATASTROPHIC HEALTH EXPENDITURE#CHILD HEALTH#CHILD HEALTH CARE#CHILD HEALTH SERVICES#COMMUNITIES#CONTRACEPTIVES
Financial barriers to seeking care are
frequently cited as one of the main causes of
underutilization of child health care services. This paper
estimates the impact of Indonesia's healthcard on
health care use by children. Evaluation of the healthcard
effect is complicated by the fact that card allocation was
non-random. The analysis uses propensity score matching to
control for systematic differences between treatment and
control groups. A second potential source of bias is related
to contemporaneous, exogenous influences on health care use
unrelated to the healthcard itself. Using panel data
collected prior to and after the introduction of the
healthcard, a difference-in-differences estimator is
constructed to eliminate the effects of exogenous changes
over time. The author finds that although health care use
declined for all children during the crisis years of
1997-2000, use of public sector outpatient services declined
much less for children with healthcards. The protective
effect of the healthcard on public sector use was
concentrated among children aged 0-5 years. The healthcard
had no significant impact on use of private sector services.
The results highlight the need to provide adequate
protection against the financial burden of health care
costs...
Link permanente para citações:
Child Health
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Publications & Research :: Brief; Publications & Research
ENGLISH
Relevância na Pesquisa
76.19%
#CHILD HEALTH#CHILD HEALTH SERVICES#CHILD MORTALITY#LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES#DISEASE BURDEN#COMMUNICABLE DISEASES#MEASLES#MALARIA#ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME#HIV VIRUSES#MALNUTRITION IN CHILDREN
The largest global equity gap in health,
is among children, and concentrated in communicable
diseases. This note examines the work of the Integrated
Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) - a strategy to
improve child health outcomes, developed by the World Health
Organization, and the United Nations Children's Fund -
whose aim is to reduce childhood deaths, illnesses, and
disabilities, while improving children's growth, and
development. IMCI's three main components are to:
improve family, and community practices related to child
health, and nutrition; improve the health system for
effective management of childhood illnesses; and, improve
health workers' skills. Finally, the note highlights
further needs, e.g., creating working groups to develop
national plans in accordance with the three IMCI components,
adapting national guidelines, with the IMCI training
material, and include the major causes of child deaths, and
conditions; targeting poor communities, and disadvantaged
children; and, linking health facilities with communities...
Link permanente para citações:
Multisectoral Preventive Health Services in Sri Lanka : Lessons for Developing Countries in Providing Public Goods in Health
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Tipo: Publications & Research; Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
ENGLISH; EN_US
Relevância na Pesquisa
86.18%
#ADOLESCENT HEALTH#ANTENATAL CARE#AVIAN FLU#BABY#BLOOD TRANSFUSION#BURDEN OF DISEASE#CAPACITY BUILDING#CERTIFICATION#CHILD CARE#CHILD HEALTH#CHILD HEALTH SERVICES
What can other developing countries
learn from Sri Lanka on achieving good health at low cost?
While its well-organized medical and maternal-child health
services have been documented elsewhere, this paper fills a
gap in documenting how it organizes services to reduce the
population's exposure to disease -- a pure public good.
The key factors underlying the effectiveness of these
services are (1) strong focal points in the central Health
Ministry for supporting preventive services; (2) pro-active
outreach by the health line agency to collaborate with other
sectors / agents whose work influences public health
outcomes; and (3) community-level delivery institutions with
well-trained multivalent Public Health Inspectors -- all
underpinned by (4) assured tax-based financing. This paper
describes this system in some detail such that other
countries can learn from Sri Lanka's successful
approach to improving population health. It also makes some
recommendations for strengthening the system in response to
changing conditions.
Link permanente para citações:
Maternal and Child Health Inequalities in Ethiopia
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Tipo: Working Paper; Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper; Publications & Research
ENGLISH; EN_US
Relevância na Pesquisa
76.19%
#SANITATION#CHILD HEALTH#ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE#RISKS#HOUSEHOLD SIZE#REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH#QUALITY OF SERVICES#CONTRACEPTION#PEOPLE#VACCINATION#LEVELS OF MORTALITY
Recent surveys show considerable
progress in maternal and child health in Ethiopia. The
improvement has been in health outcomes and health services
coverage. The study examines how different groups have fared
in this progress. It tracked 11 health outcome indicators
and health interventions related to Millennium Development
Goals 1, 4, and 5. These are stunting, underweight, wasting,
neonatal mortality, infant mortality, under-five mortality,
measles vaccination, full immunization, modern contraceptive
use by currently married women, antenatal care visits, and
skilled birth attendance. The study explores trends in
inequalities by household wealth status, mothers’ education,
and place of residence. It is based on four Demographic and
Health Surveys implemented in 2000, 2005, 2011, and 2014.
Trends in rate differences and rate ratios are analyzed. The
study also investigates the dynamics of inequalities, using
concentration curves for different years. In addition, a
decomposition analysis is conducted to identify the role of
proximate determinants. The study finds substantial
improvements in health outcomes and health services.
Although there still exists a considerable gap between the
rich and the poor...
Link permanente para citações:
A importância da participação cidadã nas políticas de saúde: o caso da reestruturação dos serviços de saúde materno-infantil em Portugal; Citizen Participation relevance in health policies: the case of the maternal and child health services restructuring in Portugal
Fonte: Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública
Publicador: Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública
Tipo: info:eu-repo/semantics/article; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion; ; ; ; ; ;
Formato: application/pdf
Publicado em 01/01/2011
POR
Relevância na Pesquisa
85.94%
#Participação cidadã#Políticas de saúde materno-infantil#Acções de protesto#Encerramento de blocos de parto#Citizen Participation#Maternal and Child Health Policies#Protest Actions#Maternity Wards Closure
In the so-called democratic societies citizens' participation has become a central issue to the analysis of decision making processes. However, in this scope the major difficulty is related to a broad definition of what can be considered as participatory modalities. In this paper protest actions are assumed as legitimate forms of participation in public decision making processes. Accordingly, this work describes and analyses the maternity wards closure in Portugal, one of the measures of the recent restructuring of the maternal and child health services that was implemented between May 2006 and December 2007, and the consequent protest actions developed by the local populations affected by the measure. It is also evaluated how a non-informed and communicated measure based on criteria such as security and quality of the provided health care can trigger protest movements, particularly as a strategy of citizens to participate in a public policy (re)formulation.; As questões em torno da participação cidadã tornaram-se indiscutivelmente centrais na análise dos processos públicos de decisão das sociedades ditas democráticas. Uma das maiores dificuldades tem, no entanto, residido na ampla definição das modalidades participativas a considerar neste domínio. Neste trabalho assume-se que as ações de protesto são uma modalidade legítima de participar nos processos públicos de decisão. Analisa-se...
Link permanente para citações:
Can developing countries achieve adequate improvements in child health outcomes without engaging the private sector?
Fonte: World Health Organization
Publicador: World Health Organization
Tipo: Artigo de Revista Científica
Formato: text/html
Publicado em 01/12/2003
EN
Relevância na Pesquisa
86.05%
#Child health services#Delivery of health care/methods#Delivery of health care/standards#Outcome assessment (Health care)#Private sector#Quality of health care#Quality assurance#Health care/methods#Contract services#Social marketing#Legislation
The private sector exerts a significant and critical influence on child health outcomes in developing countries, including the health of poor children. This article reviews the available evidence on private sector utilization and quality of care. It provides a framework for analysing the private sector's influence on child health outcomes. This influence goes beyond service provision by private providers and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Pharmacies, drug sellers, private suppliers, and food producers also have an impact on the health of children. Many governments are experimenting with strategies to engage the private sector to improve child health. The article analyses some of the most promising strategies, and suggests that a number of constraints make it hard for policy-makers to emulate these approaches. Few experiences are clearly described, monitored, and evaluated. The article suggests that improving the impact of child health programmes in developing countries requires a more systematic analysis of how to engage the private sector most effectively. The starting point should include the evaluation of the presence and potential of the private sector, including actors such as professional associations, producer organizations...
Link permanente para citações:
Child health in complex emergencies
Fonte: World Health Organization
Publicador: World Health Organization
Tipo: Artigo de Revista Científica
Formato: text/html
Publicado em 01/01/2006
EN
Relevância na Pesquisa
85.96%
#Child welfare#Child health services#Emergencies#Disasters#Diarrhea/therapy#Measles/epidemiology#HIV infections/diagnosis#HIV infections/therapy#Malaria/prevention and control#Nutrition disorders/therapy#Infant mortality
Coordinated and effective interventions are critical for relief efforts to be successful in addressing the health needs of children in situations of armed conflict, population displacement, and/or food insecurity. We reviewed published literature and surveyed international relief organizations engaged in child health activities in complex emergencies. Our aim was to identify research needs and improve guidelines for the care of children. Much of the literature details the burden of disease and the causes of morbidity and mortality; few interventional studies have been published. Surveys of international relief organizations showed that most use World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), and ministry of health guidelines designed for use in stable situations. Organizations were least likely to have formal guidelines on the management of asphyxia, prematurity, and infection in neonates; diagnosis and management of children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; active case-finding and treatment of tuberculosis; paediatric trauma; and the diagnosis and management of mental-health problems in children. Guidelines often are not adapted to the different types of health-care workers who provide care in complex emergencies. Evidence-based...
Link permanente para citações:
The evolution of child health programmes in developing countries: from targeting diseases to targeting people
Fonte: World Health Organization
Publicador: World Health Organization
Tipo: Artigo de Revista Científica
Formato: text/html
Publicado em 01/01/2000
EN
Relevância na Pesquisa
85.93%
#child welfare#child health services/trends#communicable diseases/prevention and control#delivery of health care#infant mortality/trends#models/theoretical
Mortality rates among children and the absolute number of children dying annually in developing countries have declined considerably over the past few decades. However, the gains made have not been distributed evenly: childhood mortality remains higher among poorer people and the gap between rich and poor has grown. Several poor countries, and some poorer regions within countries, have experienced a levelling off of or even an increase in childhood mortality over the past few years. Until now, two types of programmes - short-term, disease-specific initiatives and more general programmes of primary health care - have contributed to the decline in mortality. Both types of programme can contribute substantially to the strengthening of health systems and in enabling households and communities to improve their health care. In order for them to do so, and in order to complete the unfinished agenda of improving child health globally, new strategies are needed. On the one hand, greater emphasis should be placed on promoting those household behaviours that are not dependent on the performance of health systems. On the other hand, more attention should be paid to interventions that affect health at other stages of the life cycle while efforts that have been made to develop interventions that can be used during childhood continue.
Link permanente para citações: